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出處：RegExLib.com Regular Expression Cheat Sheet (.NET)

元字符	說明
^	匹配字符串的開始位置
$	匹配字符串的結(jié)束位置
.	匹配任意單個(gè)字符（換行符 \n 除外）
|	交替
{…}	指定要限定的數(shù)量
[...]	指定要匹配的字符集
(…)	對表達(dá)式進(jìn)行邏輯分組
*	匹配零或多個(gè)前面的表達(dá)式
+	匹配一或多個(gè)前面的表達(dá)式
?	匹配零或一個(gè)前面的表達(dá)式
\	放在上面任何一個(gè)字符之前，表示匹配該字符本身。放在其他特殊字符后面，表示字符轉(zhuǎn)義（見下面）
字符轉(zhuǎn)義	說明
原始字符	除 . $ ^ { [ ( | ) ] } * + ? \ 之外的字符均匹配自身
\a	匹配鈴聲（鬧鈴）\u0007
\b	在[]中匹配一個(gè)空格 \u0008，在其他情況下匹配字邊界（位于 \w 和 \W 字符之間）
\t	匹配制表符 \u0009
\r	匹制回車符 \u000D
\v	匹配垂直制表符 \u000B
\f	匹配換頁符 \u000C
\n	匹配換行符 \u000A
\e	匹配退出鍵（符） \u001B
\040	匹配以八進(jìn)制表示的 ASCII 字符（最多三位數(shù)）；在沒有前導(dǎo)零的情況下，如果只有一位數(shù)字或者相應(yīng)數(shù)字與某個(gè)捕獲組的編號對應(yīng)，那就是反向引用（backreference）。字符 \040 表示一個(gè)空格。
\x20	匹配以十六進(jìn)制表示的 ASCII 字符（兩位數(shù)）
\cC	匹配 ASCII 控制符，例如 \cC 匹配 Ctrl+C
\u0020	匹配以十六進(jìn)制表示的 Unicode 字符
\*	反斜杠后面如果不是一個(gè)可轉(zhuǎn)義的字符，則匹配該字符本身。例如，\* 就相當(dāng)于\x2A
字符類	說明
.	匹配除 \n 之外的任意字符。
[aeiou]	匹配特定字符集中包含的任意一個(gè)字符
[^aeiou]	匹配特定字符集中不包含的任意一個(gè)字符
[0-9a-fA-F]	連字符（-）用來指定連續(xù)的字符范圍
\p{name}	匹配由{name}指定的命名字符類中的任意字符
\P{name}	匹配不包含在{name}指定的組或塊范圍中的文本
\w	匹配英文數(shù)字字母字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情況下，等價(jià)于[a-zA-Z0-9]
\W	匹配非英文數(shù)字字母字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情況下，等價(jià)于[^a-zA-Z0-9]
\s	匹配任意空白字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情況下，等價(jià)于[\f\n\r\t\v]
\S	匹配任意非空白字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情況下，等價(jià)于[^\f\n\r\t\v]
\d	匹配數(shù)字字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情況下，等價(jià)于[0-9]
\D	匹配非數(shù)字字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情況下，等價(jià)于[^0-9]

英文版:

Metacharacters Defined
MChar	Definition
^	Start of a string.
$	End of a string.
.	Any character (except \n newline)
|	Alternation.
{...}	Explicit quantifier notation.
[...]	Explicit set of characters to match.
(...)	Logical grouping of part of an expression.
*	0 or more of previous expression.
+	1 or more of previous expression.
?	0 or 1 of previous expression; also forces minimal matching when an expression might match several strings within a search string.
\	Preceding one of the above, it makes it a literal instead of a special character. Preceding a special matching character, see below.

Metacharacter Examples
Pattern	Sample Matches
^abc	abc, abcdefg, abc123, ...
abc$	abc, endsinabc, 123abc, ...
a.c	abc, aac, acc, adc, aec, ...
bill|ted	ted, bill
ab{2}c	abbc
a[bB]c	abc, aBc
(abc){2}	abcabc
ab*c	ac, abc, abbc, abbbc, ...
ab+c	abc, abbc, abbbc, ...
ab?c	ac, abc
a\sc	a c

Character Escapes http://tinyurl.com/5wm3wl
Escaped Char	Description
ordinary characters	Characters other than . $ ^ { [ ( | ) ] } * + ? \ match themselves.
\a	Matches a bell (alarm) \u0007.
\b	Matches a backspace \u0008 if in a []; otherwise matches a word boundary (between \w and \W characters).
\t	Matches a tab \u0009.
\r	Matches a carriage return \u000D.
\v	Matches a vertical tab \u000B.
\f	Matches a form feed \u000C.
\n	Matches a new line \u000A.
\e	Matches an escape \u001B.
\040	Matches an ASCII character as octal (up to three digits); numbers with no leading zero are backreferences if they have only one digit or if they correspond to a capturing group number. (For more information, see Backreferences.) For example, the character \040 represents a space.
\x20	Matches an ASCII character using hexadecimal representation (exactly two digits).
\cC	Matches an ASCII control character; for example \cC is control-C.
\u0020	Matches a Unicode character using a hexadecimal representation (exactly four digits).
\*	When followed by a character that is not recognized as an escaped character, matches that character. For example, \* is the same as \x2A.

Character Classes http://tinyurl.com/5ck4ll
Char Class	Description
.	Matches any character except \n. If modified by the Singleline option, a period character matches any character. For more information, see Regular Expression Options.
[aeiou]	Matches any single character included in the specified set of characters.
[^aeiou]	Matches any single character not in the specified set of characters.
[0-9a-fA-F]	Use of a hyphen (–) allows specification of contiguous character ranges.
\p{name}	Matches any character in the named character class specified by {name}. Supported names are Unicode groups and block ranges. For example, Ll, Nd, Z, IsGreek, IsBoxDrawing.
\P{name}	Matches text not included in groups and block ranges specified in {name}.
\w	Matches any word character. Equivalent to the Unicode character categories [\p{Ll}\p{Lu}\p{Lt}\p{Lo}\p{Nd}\p{Pc}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \w is equivalent to [a-zA-Z_0-9].
\W	Matches any nonword character. Equivalent to the Unicode categories [^\p{Ll}\p{Lu}\p{Lt}\p{Lo}\p{Nd}\p{Pc}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \W is equivalent to [^a-zA-Z_0-9].
\s	Matches any white-space character. Equivalent to the Unicode character categories [\f\n\r\t\v\x85\p{Z}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \s is equivalent to [ \f\n\r\t\v].
\S	Matches any non-white-space character. Equivalent to the Unicode character categories [^\f\n\r\t\v\x85\p{Z}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \S is equivalent to [^ \f\n\r\t\v].
\d	Matches any decimal digit. Equivalent to \p{Nd} for Unicode and [0-9] for non-Unicode, ECMAScript behavior.
\D	Matches any nondigit. Equivalent to \P{Nd} for Unicode and [^0-9] for non-Unicode, ECMAScript behavior.