在日常爬蟲練習中，我們爬取到的數(shù)據(jù)需要進行保存操作，在scrapy中我們可以使用ImagesPipeline這個類來進行相關操作，這個類是scrapy已經(jīng)封裝好的了，我們直接拿來用即可。
在使用ImagesPipeline下載圖片數(shù)據(jù)時，我們需要對其中的三個管道類方法進行重寫，其中 — get_media_request 是對圖片地址發(fā)起請求
— file path 是返回圖片名稱
— item_completed 返回item,將其返回給下一個即將被執(zhí)行的管道類
那具體代碼是什么樣的呢，首先我們需要在pipelines.py文件中，導入ImagesPipeline類，然后重寫上述所說的3個方法：
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
import scrapy
import os
class ImgsPipLine(ImagesPipeline):
def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
yield scrapy.Request(url = item['img_src'],meta={'item':item})
#返回圖片名稱即可
def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
item = request.meta['item']
print('########',item)
filePath = item['img_name']
return filePath
def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
return item
方法定義好后，我們需要在settings.py配置文件中進行設置，一個是指定圖片保存的位置IMAGES_STORE = 'D:\\ImgPro'，然后就是啟用“ImgsPipLine”管道，
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'imgPro.pipelines.ImgsPipLine': 300, #300代表優(yōu)先級，數(shù)字越小優(yōu)先級越高
}
設置完成后，我們運行程序后就可以看到“D:\\ImgPro”下保存成功的圖片。
完整代碼如下：
spider文件代碼：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from imgPro.items import ImgproItem
class ImgSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'img'
allowed_domains = ['www.521609.com']
start_urls = ['http://www.521609.com/daxuemeinv/']
def parse(self, response):
#解析圖片地址和圖片名稱
li_list = response.xpath('//div[@class="index_img list_center"]/ul/li')
for li in li_list:
item = ImgproItem()
item['img_src'] = 'http://www.521609.com/' + li.xpath('./a[1]/img/@src').extract_first()
item['img_name'] = li.xpath('./a[1]/img/@alt').extract_first() + '.jpg'
# print('***********')
# print(item)
yield item
items.py文件
import scrapy
class ImgproItem(scrapy.Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
# name = scrapy.Field()
img_src = scrapy.Field()
img_name = scrapy.Field()
pipelines.py文件
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
import scrapy
import os
from imgPro.settings import IMAGES_STORE as IMGS
class ImgsPipLine(ImagesPipeline):
def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
yield scrapy.Request(url = item['img_src'],meta={'item':item})
#返回圖片名稱即可
def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
item = request.meta['item']
print('########',item)
filePath = item['img_name']
return filePath
def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
return item
settings.py文件
import random
BOT_NAME = 'imgPro'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['imgPro.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'imgPro.spiders'
IMAGES_STORE = 'D:\\ImgPro' #文件保存路徑
LOG_LEVEL = "WARNING"
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
#設置user-agent
USER_AGENTS_LIST = [
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"
]
USER_AGENT = random.choice(USER_AGENTS_LIST)
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language': 'en',
# 'User-Agent':"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36",
'User-Agent':USER_AGENT
}
#啟動pipeline管道
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'imgPro.pipelines.ImgsPipLine': 300,
}
以上即是使用ImagesPipeline下載保存圖片的方法，今天突生一個疑惑，爬蟲爬的好，真的是牢飯吃的飽嗎？還請各位大佬解答！更多相關Python scrapy下載保存內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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