我們使用二進(jìn)制通用包安裝MySQL，這個(gè)類似于windows下的綠色軟件，解壓后配置即可使用，下載地址:
https://edelivery.Oracle.com/EPD/Search/handle_go
2.將二進(jìn)制mysql安裝文件解壓到/usr/local下，這里使用軟連接為mysql
[root@mysql1 soft]tar xvf mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@mysql1 local]ln -sv mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
[root@mysql1 local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@mysql1 local]# ls -l
total 64
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 20465 Aug 16 20:21 1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 43 Aug 17 18:25 mysql -> mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Aug 17 18:37 mysql-advanced-5.6.20-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Aug 16 19:14 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 28 2011 src
3.添加mysql用戶和組，如果已經(jīng)存在可以跳過這一步
[root@mysql1 local]groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
#-r表示是偽用戶，只是用來運(yùn)行mysql程序，不能登錄系統(tǒng)
[root@mysql1 local]useradd -g 306 -r -u 306 mysql
4.將安裝文件的所屬設(shè)置為mysql，這里將數(shù)據(jù)文件目錄設(shè)置到/mydata/data下
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/*
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata
5.初始化mysql
[root@mysql1 mysql]#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/
6.在support-files目錄中將mysql.server復(fù)制到/etc/init.d中的mysqld中，創(chuàng)建初始化進(jìn)程，并且加到服務(wù)中
[root@mysql1 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql1 mysql]# ls -l /etc/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10880 Aug 17 18:52 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@mysql1 mysql]# chkconfig --list |grep mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
7.配置mysql的配置文件
mysql的配置文件尋找順序?yàn)?etc/my.cnf -> /etc/mysql/my.cnf -> $BASEDIR/my.cnf -> ~/my.cnf
如果存在多個(gè)配置文件，那么后者覆蓋前者，主要加上datadir為數(shù)據(jù)文件目錄位置
[root@mysql1 support-files]# grep -v '^#' /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /mydata/data
port = 3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
8.啟動(dòng)進(jìn)入mysql
[root@mysql1 support-files]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. [ OK ]
[root@mysql1 support-files]# netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1224/rpcbind
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1567/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1439/cupsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1781/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:49830 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1347/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1224/rpcbind
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1567/sshd
tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1439/cupsd
tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1781/master
tcp 0 0 :::58044 :::* LISTEN 1347/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3899/mysqld
這里還需要將mysql的環(huán)境變量加到profile文件中
[root@mysql1 ~]# grep PATH .bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH
可以進(jìn)入mysql了
[root@mysql1 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.20-enterprise-commercial-advanced MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
9.還有一些小配置
1）、添加MySQL的man幫助文檔
修改/etc/man.conf，加入相應(yīng)的配置，添加一行
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man
[root@mysql1 data]# vi /etc/man.config
2）、添加mysql的庫文件
[root@mysql1 data]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d
[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# ls
atlas-x86_64.conf ctapi-x86_64.conf kernel-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64.conf qt-x86_64.conf
[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig -v
使庫文件生效
3）、添加mysql的頭文件
[root@mysql1 ld.so.conf.d]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
`/usr/include/mysql/include' -> `/usr/local/mysql/include'
精彩專題分享：mysql不同版本安裝教程 mysql5.7各版本安裝教程 mysql5.6各版本安裝教程
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