| 輸入項 | 允許輸入 | 可為空 | 格式規(guī)范 | 合法性 | 依賴項 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 原管理員密碼 | 是 | 否 | 字符串 | 長度限制:5-63; 字符集:英文字符集; | 需要與管理員密碼相同 |
| 新管理員密碼 | 是 | 否 | 字符串 | 長度限制:5-63; 字符集:英文字符集; | |
| 確認管理員密碼 | 是 | 否 | 字符串 | 需要與新管理員密碼相同 |
根據(jù)防呆規(guī)則可以列出:1.可能出現(xiàn)的錯誤 2.出現(xiàn)錯誤時頁面應(yīng)有的提示語
#可能出現(xiàn)的錯誤
errcode = ['oldPwdErr', 'lenErr', 'charErr', 'matchErr', 'pwdSameErr',\
'oldPwdBlankErr', 'newPwdBlankErr']
#出現(xiàn)錯誤時頁面應(yīng)有的提示語
errTips = {
'oldPwdErr' :'原密碼錯誤',
'lenErr' : '新密碼長度應(yīng)為5~63位',
'charErr' : "新密碼包含非法字符",
'matchErr' : '兩次密碼輸入不一致',
'pwdSameErr' : '新密碼與原密碼相同，請重新輸入',
'oldPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入原密碼',
'newPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入新密碼'
}
需要輸入的數(shù)據(jù)為要檢查的data和登陸密碼
def checkData(data, loginPwd):#檢查順序跟頁面順序相同
pwd = loginPwd
#'oldPwdBlankErr'
if data['pwdOld'] == "":
return errcode[5]
#newPwdBlankErr
if data['pwdNew'] == "":
return errcode[6]
#charErr
strTmp = data['pwdNew']
for x in xrange(0,len(data['pwdNew'])):
if ord(strTmp[x]) 33 or ord(strTmp[x]) > 127:#ASCII表示范圍:32-127
return errcode[2]
#lenErr
if len(data['pwdNew']) > 63 or len(data['pwdNew']) 5:
return errcode[1]
#oldPwdErr
if pwd != loginData.login_data['login_pwd']:
return errcode[0]
#pwdSameErr
if data['pwdNew'] == pwd:
return errcode[4]
#no error
return None
def checkResponse(error):
if error == None:
return
webText = getText('//*[@id="PwdTip"]')
if webText == False:#沒有提示
print('###Error: no tips on web!')
else:
webText = webText.decode('UTF-8')
waitandClick('//*[@id="ModifyPwd"]/i')
time.sleep(1)
return webText
data = [
{"pwdNew" : "12345678","pwdOld" : '8dadla'},#"oldPwdErr"
{"pwdNew" : "admi","pwdOld" : 'admin'},#lenErr
{'pwdNew' : '1 2 3','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#charErr
{'pwdNew' : 'admin','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#pwdSameErr
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : ""},#oldPwdBlank
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : "admin"}#newPwdBlank
]
單元測試中，不同的部分應(yīng)該是數(shù)據(jù)，所以可以定義一個通用的操作。
其中self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])是判定測試是否通過的條件:頁面提示語是否正確。
def commonAction(self, arg):
error = checkData(arg)
changeUserPwd.main(arg)
self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])
測試類中主要包括了測試用例6個，和對應(yīng)的以“test”開頭的測試函數(shù)。
這里繼承了python的unittest。
關(guān)于unittest的語法請參考：//www.jb51.net/article/65856.htm
class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
data = [
{"pwdNew" : "12345678","pwdOld" : '8dadla'},#"oldPwdErr"
{"pwdNew" : "admi","pwdOld" : '*'},#lenErr
{'pwdNew' : '1 2 3','pwdOld' : '*'},#charErr
{'pwdNew' : 'admin','pwdOld' : '*'},#pwdSameErr
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : ""},#oldPwdBlank
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : "*"}#newPwdBlank
]
def commonAction(self, arg):
error = checkData(arg)
changeUserPwd.main(arg)
self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])
def test_oldPwdErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[0])
def test_lenErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[1])
def test_charErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[2])
def test_pwdSameErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[3])
def test_oldPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[4])
def test_newPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[5])
這里利用了HTMLTestRunner來生成測試報告。
HTMLTestRunner語法請參看：https://testerhome.com/topics/7576
生成的測試報告將會存放在reports/test_report文件夾下，按照時間命名。測試報告的title叫做“修改管理員密碼試報告”
unittest.main(testRunner=HtmlTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(output='test_report',report_title='修改管理員密碼試報告'))
def closeDriver():
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()
os.system('killall chromedriver')
os.system('killall geckodriver')
到這里，我們可以完成修改用戶名密碼模塊的單元測試了，為了增加代碼的健壯性，下面介紹異常處理。
點擊按鈕的時候可能出現(xiàn)的異常情況是：可能頁面元素還沒有加載出來的時候，點擊的動作就發(fā)生了。這樣就會引發(fā)找不到元素異常。
解決的方法是通過顯示等待，每10ms檢查一次頁面元素是否加載完成，完成后就點擊，否則就等到超時時間之后結(jié)束動作。
def waitandClick(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandClick, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).click()
在填寫表單時，除了頁面元素還沒有加載完成的異常外，還可能原有表單中有文本，而我們的輸入則是以追加模式填寫的。這就會導(dǎo)致填寫的文本不準確。
def waitandSendkeys(xpath, keys):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandSendkeys, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).clear()
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).send_keys(keys)
在元素加載中可能出現(xiàn)： 1. 在超時時間內(nèi)元素沒有加載完成 2. 查詢的元素根本不存在
針對這兩種情況進行異常處理：
def waitforDisplay(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
try:
process = driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda driver: process.is_displayed())
except NoSuchElementException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, NoSuchElementException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
#!/usr/bin/env python
from selenium import webdriver
import time, os
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException
import unittest
import HtmlTestRunner
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
# 1. 打開瀏覽器，訪問p.to
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
def openDriver():
driver.get("http://p.to")
driver.maximize_window()
# 2. 登陸
class loginClass(object):
"""docstring for login"""
def __init__(self, arg):
self.login_pwd = arg
def login(self):
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="Pwd"]', self.login_pwd)
waitandClick('//*[@id="Save"]')
def login(data):
openDriver()
test1 = loginClass(data)
test1.login()
# 3.修改管理員密碼
class changePwdClass(object):
"""docstring for changePwdClass"""
def __init__(self, arg):
self.pwdNew = arg.get('pwdNew', '')
self.pwdOld = arg.get('pwdOld', '')
def changeUserPwd(self):
waitandClick('//*[@id="Con"]/div[1]/ul[2]/li[1]')
waitandClick('//*[@id="Con"]/div[1]/ul[2]/li[1]/ul/li[3]')
waitforDisplay('//*[@id="_Widget"]')
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="PwdOld"]', self.pwdOld)
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="PwdNew"]', self.pwdNew)
waitandSendkeys('//*[@id="PwdCfm"]', self.pwdNew)
waitandClick('//*[@id="SavePwd"]')
def changeUserPwd_main(data):
changePwdObj = changePwdClass(data)
changePwdObj.changeUserPwd()
# 4. 單元測試數(shù)據(jù)
errcode = ['oldPwdErr', 'lenErr', 'charErr', 'matchErr', 'pwdSameErr',\
'oldPwdBlankErr', 'newPwdBlankErr']
errTips = {
'oldPwdErr' :'原密碼錯誤',
'lenErr' : '新密碼長度應(yīng)為5~63位',
'charErr' : "新密碼包含非法字符",
'matchErr' : '兩次密碼輸入不一致',
'pwdSameErr' : '新密碼與原密碼相同，請重新輸入',
'oldPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入原密碼',
'newPwdBlankErr' : '請輸入新密碼'
}
# 5. 檢查輸入的數(shù)據(jù)合法性
def checkData(data):#檢查順序跟頁面順序相同
#pwd = loginPwd
pwd='admin'
#'oldPwdBlankErr'
if data['pwdOld'] == "":
return errcode[5]
#newPwdBlankErr
if data['pwdNew'] == "":
return errcode[6]
#charErr
strTmp = data['pwdNew']
for x in xrange(0,len(data['pwdNew'])):
if ord(strTmp[x]) 33 or ord(strTmp[x]) > 127:#ASCII表示范圍:32-127
return errcode[2]
#lenErr
if len(data['pwdNew']) > 63 or len(data['pwdNew']) 5:
return errcode[1]
#oldPwdErr
if pwd != data['pwdOld']:
return errcode[0]
#pwdSameErr
if data['pwdNew'] == data['pwdOld']:
return errcode[4]
#no error
return None
# 6. 獲取輸入錯誤數(shù)據(jù)之后的頁面提示語
def checkResponse(error):
if error == None:
return
# webText = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="PwdTip"]').text
webText = getText('//*[@id="PwdTip"]')
if webText == False:#沒有提示
print('###Error: no tips on web!')
else:
webText = webText.decode('UTF-8')
waitandClick('//*[@id="ModifyPwd"]/i')
return webText
# 8.單元測試類
class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
# 7. 編寫測試用例
data = [
{"pwdNew" : "12345678","pwdOld" : '8dadla'},#"oldPwdErr"
{"pwdNew" : "admi","pwdOld" : 'admin'},#lenErr
{'pwdNew' : '1 2 3','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#charErr
{'pwdNew' : 'admin','pwdOld' : 'admin'},#pwdSameErr
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : ""},#oldPwdBlank
{'pwdNew' : "",'pwdOld' : "admin"}#newPwdBlank
]
def commonAction(self, arg):
error = checkData(arg)
changeUserPwd_main(arg)
self.assertEqual(checkResponse(error), errTips[error])
time.sleep(1)
def test_oldPwdErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[0])
def test_lenErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[1])
def test_charErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[2])
def test_pwdSameErr(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[3])
def test_oldPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[4])
def test_newPwdBlank(self):
self.commonAction(self.data[5])
# 10. 關(guān)閉瀏覽器
def closeDriver():
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()
os.system('killall chromedriver')
os.system('killall geckodriver')
# 11. 異常處理
## 11.1 點擊函數(shù)
def waitandClick(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandClick, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).click()
## 11.2 填寫表單
def waitandSendkeys(xpath, keys):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitandSendkeys, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).clear()
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).send_keys(keys)
## 11.3 元素加載
def waitforDisplay(xpath):
try:
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, xpath)))
except TimeoutException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, TimeoutException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
else:
try:
process = driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda driver: process.is_displayed())
except NoSuchElementException as e:
print('Error:waitforDisplay, NoSuchElementException, xpath = %s\n' % xpath)
def elementIsDisplayed(xpath):
try:
driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath)
except NoSuchElementException as e:
return False
def getText(xpath):
time.sleep(1)
return driver.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).text
if __name__ == '__main__':
openDriver()
login('admin')
#data = {'pwdNew'='admin', 'pwdOld'='12345678'}
#changeUserPwd_main(data)
#9. 進行單元測試并生成測試報告
unittest.main(testRunner=HtmlTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(output='test_report',report_title='修改管理員密碼試報告'))
closeDriver()
完整demo請參看：https://github.com/niununu/k2p_web_test
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